Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Basal cell carcinoma is characterized by which of the following appearances?

1. White, flaky patches on the skin

2. Ulcerative lesions with rolled borders and pink or red nodules

3. Darker lesions that are painless and smooth

4. Raised, wart-like growths that are painful

The correct answer is: Ulcerative lesions with rolled borders and pink or red nodules

Basal cell carcinoma typically presents as ulcerative lesions that feature rolled borders, giving them a distinct appearance. These lesions often appear as pink or red nodules, which can sometimes have a shiny or waxy texture. This characteristic appearance is a result of the slow growth and local invasion of the cancer, allowing the rolled edges to form around the ulcer. This specific morphology helps differentiate basal cell carcinoma from other forms of skin cancer and skin lesions. Other options, while they describe various skin conditions, do not accurately reflect the appearance associated with basal cell carcinoma. For instance, white, flaky patches are more indicative of conditions like actinic keratosis or psoriasis. Darker lesions generally suggest melanoma, which has a different clinical presentation. Similarly, raised, wart-like growths that are painful may be more characteristic of conditions such as squamous cell carcinoma or other dermatological issues rather than basal cell carcinoma. Understanding these specifics aids in the recognition and early detection of skin cancers, ensuring prompt treatment.