Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

How does negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) typically function?

1. By using heat to promote vascularization

2. By covering the wound with an aluminum foil barrier

3. By filling the wound with a gauze or sponge and applying negative suction

4. By administering topical antiseptics

The correct answer is: By filling the wound with a gauze or sponge and applying negative suction

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) functions by filling the wound with a gauze or sponge and then applying negative suction. This technique helps to create a controlled environment that promotes healing. The application of negative pressure removes excess fluid from the wound, reduces edema, and helps to facilitate the formation of granulation tissue, which is crucial for wound healing. Additionally, by drawing the edges of the wound closer together, NPWT enhances perfusion and oxygenation to the tissue, which further aids in the healing process. This method has been shown to be effective in managing various types of wounds, including chronic and acute injuries. The use of gauze or sponge allows for the distribution of negative pressure evenly across the wound bed, optimizing the effects of the therapy.