Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What conditions indicate possible immunosuppression?

1. High levels of physical activity

2. Comorbidities such as HIV

3. Diet rich in antioxidants

4. Smoking cessation

The correct answer is: Comorbidities such as HIV

Possible immunosuppression can be indicated by the presence of certain health conditions, with HIV being a prime example. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) directly affects the immune system by targeting CD4 T cells, leading to a weakened immune response. Individuals living with HIV are at a higher risk for opportunistic infections and other complications due to this suppression of immune function. Monitoring and managing health conditions such as HIV are crucial in clinical settings to identify individuals who may require additional protective measures against infections or complications. In contrast, high levels of physical activity generally enhance immune function and contribute to overall health. A diet rich in antioxidants is known for its immune-boosting properties, as antioxidants help combat oxidative stress and support immune health. Lastly, smoking cessation has significant positive effects on the immune system, as smoking is known to impair immune responses. Therefore, while options A, C, and D promote a healthy immune system, the presence of comorbidities such as HIV indeed indicates a risk of immunosuppression.