Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What is reversible lymphedema?

1. Non-pitting edema with hardening

2. Pitting edema that temporarily reduces with elevation/compression

3. Permanent swelling of limbs

4. Edema that occurs without any underlying cause

The correct answer is: Pitting edema that temporarily reduces with elevation/compression

Reversible lymphedema is characterized by pitting edema, which means that when pressure is applied to the swollen area, an indentation will remain for a short time after the pressure is released. This type of edema is typically associated with conditions that can be managed or improved, such as temporary inflammation or fluid overload. The defining feature of reversible lymphedema is that it can temporarily reduce with elevation and compression. When the affected limb is elevated, gravity assists in moving excess fluid back into circulation, resulting in a reduction of the edema. Additionally, the application of compression garments can help to further manage the fluid accumulation, promoting better lymphatic drainage. In contrast, non-pitting edema with hardening indicates a more chronic and irreversible condition, which distinguishes it from reversible lymphedema. Permanent swelling of limbs suggests a sustained change that does not improve, while edema without any underlying cause does not adhere to the definition associated with lymphedema and does not reflect the specific characteristics of this condition. Thus, the correct understanding of reversible lymphedema hinges on recognizing its temporary nature and the potential for reduction through specific interventions.