Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What is the primary characteristic of lymphatic obstruction?

1. Reduction of circulation

2. Silent and unnoticed by patients

3. Accumulation of lymph fluid in tissues

4. Increased blood flow to extremities

The correct answer is: Accumulation of lymph fluid in tissues

The primary characteristic of lymphatic obstruction is the accumulation of lymph fluid in tissues. This condition, often referred to as lymphedema, occurs when the lymphatic system is unable to properly drain lymph fluid from the tissues. The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance in the body, and when it becomes obstructed—due to factors like surgery, trauma, infection, or malignancy—lymph fluid can leak into the interstitial spaces. This leads to swelling and an increase in tissue fluid volume, which can ultimately cause discomfort, pain, and mobility issues for the patient. Accumulation of lymph fluid is significant because it can also lead to further complications, such as skin changes, infection, and reduced function of the affected limb or area. Understanding this characteristic helps healthcare providers identify and manage lymphatic obstruction effectively, ensuring appropriate interventions are in place to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. While reduced circulation and increased blood flow are related to vascular issues, they do not directly define lymphatic obstruction. Silent and unnoticed presentations may occur initially in some patients, but the hallmark of the condition is the visible and physical swelling caused by fluid accumulation.