Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What is true about a simple fistula?

1. It has abscess or organ involvement

2. It opens to skin with no abscess

3. It qualifies as a high output fistula

4. It opens to a wound base

The correct answer is: It opens to skin with no abscess

A simple fistula is characterized by its opening to the skin without any associated complications such as an abscess or involvement of nearby organs. This type of fistula is typically less complex and does not have a complicated course, which distinguishes it from more complex fistulas that may have deeper connections or complications. The absence of an abscess also indicates that the simple fistula does not carry the risk of localized infection that can complicate treatment and healing. Therefore, this definition aligns precisely with the characteristics of a simple fistula, making it the correct description. The other options introduce elements that would not be applicable to a simple fistula, such as the presence of abscesses or organ involvement, which would categorize the fistula as more complex. Similarly, referring to it as a high output fistula suggests significant fluid output that is not a feature of a simple fistula, which typically has a lower output. Additionally, opening to a wound base indicates a more complex relationship and involvement with surrounding tissues, which again does not fit the definition of a simple fistula.