Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which condition increases the risk of pressure injuries due to compromised tissue tolerance?

1. Chronic stress

2. Hyperthermia

3. Physical exercise

4. Healthy eating habits

The correct answer is: Chronic stress

The presence of chronic stress can significantly increase the risk of pressure injuries due to its negative impact on the body's overall physiological functioning. Chronic stress affects various systems within the body, including the immune system and the skin's integrity. When an individual is under constant stress, the body may respond with increased levels of inflammatory markers, which can lead to reduced blood flow and oxygen delivery to the tissues. This compromised tissue perfusion can lower the ability of skin and underlying tissues to tolerate pressure, friction, and shear forces, thereby enhancing the susceptibility to pressure injuries. In contrast, hyperthermia may also contribute to skin breakdown but typically does not have the same systemic effects on tissue tolerance as chronic stress. Physical exercise generally promotes better circulation and tissue health, while healthy eating habits provide essential nutrients that support skin integrity and overall health. Therefore, the cumulative effects of chronic stress on the body's systems are directly linked to increased risk for pressure injuries by compromising tissue tolerance.