Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which effect is associated with corticosteroids in the context of wound healing?

1. Increased neoangiogenesis

2. Promoted inflammation

3. Adverse effect on epithelialization

4. Enhanced contraction

The correct answer is: Adverse effect on epithelialization

Corticosteroids are well-known for their anti-inflammatory properties, which means they can significantly impact various stages of wound healing, including epithelialization. Epithelialization is the process of regeneration of the epithelial layer over a wound, and corticosteroids can hinder this process by reducing the proliferation and migration of epithelial cells. When corticosteroids are administered, they suppress the inflammatory response, which is a vital component of the wound healing process. While inflammation is often viewed negatively, it plays a crucial role in initiating repair mechanisms, including the activation of growth factors and cytokines that promote epithelialization. Therefore, the inhibitory effect of corticosteroids on inflammation also translates to a delayed or impaired epithelialization, making the correct choice reflect their adverse impact on this critical phase of healing. Other effects, like increased neoangiogenesis or enhanced contraction, would generally not be associated with corticosteroids; rather, they may have the opposite effect. The understanding of this mechanism is essential for anyone working in wound care or related nursing fields to manage the use of corticosteroids effectively and to mitigate their potential negative impact on wound healing.