Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

Which nutrient is NOT essential for building the extracellular matrix?

1. Ascorbic acid

2. Zinc

3. Fiber

4. Iron

The correct answer is: Fiber

The correct answer indicates that fiber is not essential for building the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of proteins and carbohydrates that provide structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells. Key components of the ECM include collagen, elastin, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans. Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, plays a critical role in the synthesis of collagen, a major protein found in the extracellular matrix. Sufficient levels of ascorbic acid are vital for the hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen, which is necessary for stabilizing the collagen structure. Zinc is important for the activity of various enzymes involved in the synthesis of ECM components, and it serves as a cofactor for the enzymes that create collagen and other important ECM proteins. Iron, while primarily recognized for its role in oxygen transport and energy production, is also part of certain enzymes that can influence the function of cells involved in the synthesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In contrast, fiber, which is predominantly seen in our diet, plays a role in gut health and digestion, but it does not directly contribute to the structural components or synthesis processes of the extracellular matrix. Therefore, it is appropriate to