Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society (WOCN) Practice Exam

What can contribute to dry skin in older adults?

1. Increased sweat gland activity

2. Enhanced collagen production

3. Reduced sebaceous and sweat glands

4. Increased skin elasticity

The correct answer is: Reduced sebaceous and sweat glands

Dry skin in older adults is primarily influenced by physiological changes that occur with aging. One of the most significant factors contributing to dry skin is reduced sebaceous and sweat gland activity. As people age, both the number and function of these glands decrease, leading to less natural oil and moisture on the skin. Sebaceous glands produce sebum, which helps to keep the skin lubricated and prevent moisture loss. Similarly, the sweat glands play a role in hydration and thermoregulation. When both of these gland types function less effectively, the skin is more susceptible to dryness, flakiness, and overall decreased hydration. Increased sweat gland activity, enhanced collagen production, and increased skin elasticity do not typically occur in older adults. In fact, many of these aspects tend to decline with age. The production of collagen decreases, leading to less elasticity and strength in the skin, and sweat gland activity diminishes rather than increases. Thus, the combination of these factors—reduced sebaceous and sweat glands—is crucial in understanding why dry skin is a common complaint among older adults.